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Policy measures are taken by regulators

  • Writer: Green Movement
    Green Movement
  • Mar 24, 2021
  • 3 min read


The implementation of the emission source measures will incur costs such as installation fees and wastewater treatment facility operating fees. If only based on the self-consciousness and proactive implementation of pollution sources, it may not be possible to fully implement the necessary measures. Therefore, it is necessary to have the participation of policies, laws, and measures of regulatory agencies.


1. Establishing an Environmental Quality Standard for Water Pollution


These standards set targets for water quality in water bodies (rivers, lakes, and seas). The Environmental Quality Standard for Water Pollution is a governance goal. In cases where the standards are acceptable, it is required to carry out water environment maintenance activities, and in case the standards are not fully met, it is required to perform activities to fully satisfy them. Water quality standards related to the protection of the living environment are divided into several groups depending on the intended use of each water area. Each group is set up with different standard values.


2. Regulations on wastewater discharge


Industrial wastewater from factories, businesses, or large-scale livestock farms is regulated by wastewater control regulations to reduce the discharge load. Regulatory factories and business establishments are required to take measures to meet effluent standards.

In addition to factories and businesses, wastewater control regulations are also in place for large-scale livestock farms, residential areas, wastewater treatment plants, etc.


One of the most commonly used wastewater control measures is to set the emission concentration regulation which regulates the concentration of the pollutant load contained in the wastewater. Just measuring the effluent concentration of a business can determine immediately whether the establishment is in compliance with the regulation.


However, in the case of a prediction that the effluent will increase by a substantial amount due to plant construction and expansion, it may not be sufficient to prevent the increase in total load on the basis of wastewater concentration regulations alone the amount of pollution in the receiving water. In this case, total load control should be in place to reduce the pollutant load.


The pollutant load of the wastewater can be calculated by multiplying the concentration by the amount of wastewater, so to implement the total load control regulation, in addition to the wastewater concentration, it is necessary to combine the measurement of the wastewater volume. Total pollutant load control is more labor-intensive than wastewater concentration control, but it is a reliable and effective method where there is a need to strictly control and manage the pollutant load.


3. Encourage domestic wastewater treatment


Households are the source of the pollutant load that is discharged into domestic wastewater, such as black wastewater, so it is necessary to take measures to treat domestic wastewater. Measures to treat domestic wastewater include construction of drainage systems implemented by local authorities, concentrated treatment in residential areas, and installation of water filtration systems for households.


Drainage systems are mainly built in urban areas with a high population density, and small-scale drainage systems are constructed in residential areas and agricultural villages with a concentration of population. residents or villages. In areas with low population density, water filtration systems should be installed in each household or many households. Drainage systems are often seen as social infrastructure, and their construction is carried out with the main responsible government agencies. However, for the sewerage system for each household, the installation is usually done by the responsible individuals. In these cases, policies such as technical guidance and funding should be appropriately implemented to encourage installation.


4. Other relevant policies to encourage emission source measures


In order to encourage factories to install wastewater treatment systems, incentives such as policy loans, subsidies, and tax incentives have been introduced. In addition, the dissemination of knowledge and raising environmental awareness are implemented through education and propaganda activities.


Nguyen Lan Nhi

References



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